1. As per Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007, senior citizen means any person being a citizen of India, who has attained the age of 60 years or above.
2. Constitutional Provisions for Older Persons/Senior citizens. a) Well-being of older persons has been mandated in the Constitution of India. Article 41, a Directive Principle of State Policy, has directed that the State shall, within the limits of its economic capacity and development, make effective provision for securing the right of public assistance in cases of old age. b) There are other provisions, too, which direct the State to improve the quality of life of its citizens. Right to equality has been guaranteed by the Constitution as a Fundamental Right. These provisions apply equally to older persons. c) Social security has been made the concurrent responsibility of the Central and State Governments.
3.The Govt.of India understand that all Pensioners over 65 years are also Senior Citizens and they must be treated on par with other Senior citizens, and physically challenged since women Senior citizens are also come under the fold of Senior citizens/Pensioners.
The rights of older persons are the entitlements and independence claimed for senior citizens Elderly rights are one of the fundamental rights of India.
4. The Elderly Population in India is 76 million, of which 37 millions are male Sr.citizens, and 38 millions are women population. In Urban there 72% of total potation and in Urban it is 27% of total population of Sr.citizens.
5. According to UN, Urban population in India will increase from 30% to 50% t in 2010 to more than 50% by 2045. Further, the UN has noticed that by 2050, nearly 20% of India’s population will comprise of people over the age 60 years.
According to Pan-Indian Surveys, 30% of elderly subject to some form of abuse. The UN also found out following types of ELDERS ABUSES are found in India:
• a) Physical abuse, b) Emotional/Psychological abuse, c) Financial/Material Exploitation, d) abandonment, e) neglect, f) self-negligence.
• According to a rough estimate, nearly 40% of old people living with their family are reportedly facing abuse of one kind or another. However, only 1 in 6 cases are actually coming to light.
• Studies showed that 35% of elderly in urban areas and 32% in rural areas live alone, in loneliness. Their health is not taken care of by any one, their income is uncertain or nil and they cannot demand any physical help from others.
• In cosmopolitan areas elder’s life is in quite secure as they are soft target criminals.
• According to Help Age India, survey, most elders are ill-treated by their own children, which percentage emerges as high as 47.3%.
• Death of spouses leads the life of living spouse very miserable.
• Neglect of is the most common form of abuse 48.7 percent followed by emotional/psychological factors.
• Financial exploitation is also a major factor for Senior Citizens insecurity and miserable life. Their money is taken by their own wards,
• Elder’s abuse is a social problem which remains hidden all along. This is a frightening reality that is destroying many lives. It is so subtle and difficult to recognise that in India, we do not even perceive certain acts as Elder Abuse.
• No specific Law in India has been enacted to prevent Elder Abuse.
It is a relishing aspect that in order to address the problems of the older persons, in 1999, the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (MoSJE) had launched a National policy on older persons (NPOP). The main features are:
Old Age pension scheme
Tax Exemption for Senior Citizens.
Make PDS to reach older people
Subsidy in Healthcare, geriatrics care, mental health services, counselling facilities.
Grants, Land grants at concessional rates to NGOs and private hospitals to provide economical and specialised care for the older person.
Earmarking 10% of the houses in hosing schemes and easy access to loans.
Layout of housing colonies to be sensitive to the needs of the older persons.
Quick disposal of cases of property-transfer, mutations, property-tax etc.
Assistance for construction/maintenance of Old-Age Home, Day care Centres, Multi-Service Citizens Centre, outreach services, supply of disability related aids and appliances, etc.
Setting up of welfare fund for older persons.
The action taken by GOI on the above line is far and few and far reaching to the majority of old people.
Actually who are middle class Sr.citizens:
According general opinion of public, the middle class people are”a rare crowd (specimen) who cannot give Alms to beggars or who cannot beg Alms (due to false prestige) from others.” Thus middle class pensioners fall in this category.
Middle class people including Sr.citizens.
பிச்சைக்காரன் தட்டுல இருந்து துட்ட அள்ளிட்டு போற கூட்டமும் இருக்கு
Problems encountered by Senior Citizens.
.1.Elder Abuse –the Sr.Citizens have to swallow silently unable to express their agony to others.
2.The older people view their longevity bestowed by the present medical facility, as a curse for them in view of their torture in life.
3.Physical safety as they are soft targets for criminals who attack for gain
4. Compulsorily “Trusted Loneliness”. Ignoring elders, disregarding, treating them as burden,
5.Harassment & Humiliation from their own sons/druthers/spouses, and needless to say about other family members. They are discarded,disregarded,ignored
6. Post retirement pension blues for middle class old men.
7.The old people are not looked upon with humane consideration., even if they fall on the road, or unable to cross the road due to poor eye sight, ortho problem, no body ready to come for help.
8.Chronic diseases which runs in to a big list. They are”
* Diabetes-India is Diabetes capital
* High blood pressure/Low Blood Pressure.
* Heart ailment including cardiac problems.
* Mental health like depression, anxiety, Dementia (4.4 million persons affected in India )
*Eye problems like Glaucoma, cataract, retinopathy, and Imbalance due to inner ear nerve problem, Tinnitus, deafness, etc
* Thyroid problems, In carotid artery insufficient blood flow,
*Ortho Problems like osteoporosis and resultant cerebral, neck, spinal,hip,knee,foot problems
*Nervous problems(diabetic neuropathy)
*Most of Sr.citizens are afflicted with Diabetes and other related problems.
*Accidents do occur due to instability,dizziness, poor eye vision.
SOCIO ECONOMIC PROBLEMS.
As the longevity after retirement life after retirement is very long and Government have laid down the “National Policy of Older Persons,1999” with the approval of Cabinet with all requirements of Elders.But implementing ‘Machinery’ has miserably failed to implement most of the provisions.
Para 24 of above Policy accepts that financial position of 2/3rd Elders is fragile and some level of Income Security is required to be provided.
Paras 24 to 31 point out that what is required to be done by Government, NGOs, Private Sector, Planning Commission, Ministry of Finance
and Ministry of Social Justice are not taking appropriate measures for each provision.
• Post-retirement life is too dark and scary areas which any middle-class Senior Citizens would find perplexing. Sadly, the plight is more pitiable in the private sector where there are no good advisers to guide you on a contented life.
• Health is one big uncertain zone where one’s calculations go haywire if a retired person falls sick. Hospital expenses shoot up, drilling a hole into his savings. There is no national social security or health plan for all. The Central Government Health Scheme is one saving grace for retired employees, while the private sector has no such scheme. Income and savings are interlinked bogies and invariably there is a yawning gap between what you earn and saved. Sadly, the States have no plans for senior citizens and it feels that its responsibility is limited to caring for pensioners. Social security schemes are a big disappointment and one has to fend for oneself. The condition is deplorable in rural areas and interiors of the country.. The unsung and destitute senior citizens lead a pathetic life.
What Senior Citizens want from this G.O.I.
• Many of the NGO organisations which claims to be Non profit organisation, are not really doing service free of cost, and only ‘well to do’ are admitted as members. They simply proclaim that they are helping old people to fight their insecurities and loneliness and bring joy.
• Many Senior Citizens are dependents and only small section of them pensioners. They served the country for 3 decades and finally sent home on superannuation. The pension fixed some decades back have become peanuts now, and all ot them are reeling under the heat of price rise. Sr.Citizen pensioners expect tax simplification/ or exemptions and allow them to have few more chips in their hands, in order to lead their evenings of life a little bit smoothly.
• Sr.Citizen/pensioners sector is an unorganized sector of society and nobody comes forward to form a Forum or Union to protect their rights, voice/ventilate their grievances, and get redressal for them. This Forum naturally includes Women Sr.Citizens who are ill fated. In view of the above, the Government needs to form a SINGLE FORUM /platform for entire nation called "SENIOR CITIZENS' WELFARE FORUM.
The Senior Citizens want the GOI to do the following for all over the country:
1.Old Age Pension Scheme to be implemented to those who do not have any income after 65 years of age.
2.Removal of Income Tax for Pensioners who are above 65 years ( that is total Tax Exemption for Senior Citizens) to compensate material exploitation they subjected from various quarters of society due to advanced age and inability, considering their service given to nation for 3 decades.
3. To Make PDS to reach older people, above 65 years with ease.
4. Subsidy in healthcare, geriatrics care, mental health services, counselling facilities, Auxiliary nursing facility for ailing sr.citizens at home (at moderate cost or free of cost)
5.Grants to provide economical and specialized care for the older persons.
6.Earmarking 10% of the houses in housing schemes and easy access to loans,
7. Layout of housing colonies to be allocated to the needs of the older persons,
6. Quick disposal of cases of property-transfer, mutation, property-tax etc.
9, Day-care Centers, Multi-service Citizens Centres, outreach services, supply of disability related aids and appliances etc. Provision
10. Provion of “SENIOR CITIZEN ID Card” by Govt. Of India for all old people above 65 years through NGO agencies.This would enable the Sr.Citizens the concessions list here.
10.Setting up a welfare fund for older persons above 65 years.
11.Reservation of 2 seat for Sr.Citizens in front row of the buses of State Road Transport Undertakings.
12. Fare concessions on State Road Transports and Railway fares at 50% of the actual fare to be permitted.
13. To make available all chronic medicines and life saving medicines to the Senior Citizens.
14.To entitle the Sr.Citizens for “cashless admission” under “National Sr.Citizens Insurance Scheme”.
15.To make the Nursing attendants available for disabled Sr.Citizens.
16.One day in a year should be celebrated as “Senior Citizens Day”
As the Elders/Senior Citizens form a very big force of electorates, and since they form an unorganised sector for whom no one on earth come forward to voice, the Government need to take interest in their welfare as son doing to parants and full fill the life time abition of persons who are in the evenings of life..
Some in important LINKS w.r.t. SENIOR CITIZENS.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MbttHinsU3Q
http://www.dignityfoundation.com/Seni..
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m3pZcbt5oY (Issueing ID card)
http://www.dignityfoundation.com/Become-Member.aspx--(membership)
Web sites for Sr.citizens
https://www.google.co.in/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=web%20for%20senior%20citizens%20in%20india
Elderly care for health
http://www.portea.com/lp/elder-care-4?matchtype=b&network=s&device=c&devicemodel=&creative=71995866905&keyword=senior%20citizen%20care&placement=&target=&aceid=&adposition=1t2&account=Google&campaign=Elder_Care_Search_Chennai&adgroup=Senior more